In the recent American military
engagements in Iraq and Afghanistan, some American tacticians
were
frustrated by the military’s limited ability to destroy heavily
fortified targets. Conventional explosives did not have
the
ability to penetrate meters of earth, concrete, and steel
fortification. In response, some American policymakers
have
suggested that the United States begin to develop a new
generation of
low-yield nuclear weapons. These weapons would be able to
destroy
targets which are impervious to conventional weapons, yet would
not
have the wholesale destructive power of traditional nuclear
weapons. Opponents argue that low-yield weapons would be
far more
likely to be used than existing weapons. Were the United
States
to use a low-yield weapon against, say, a command-and-control
bunker,
it would end the 60-year prohibition on the use of nuclear
weapons and
encourage other nations to do the same in their own
conflicts.
Other critics are concerned that the mere development and
manufacture
of such weapons would undermine the United States’ effort to
stop
nuclear proliferation.
In your report, you should address the specific issue of
low-yield
nuclear weapons. This is not a paper about nuclear weapons
in
general, nor is it about American foreign policy. You may
address
these issues as they relate to low-yield nuclear weapons.
Consider and try to answer the following questions: Are
low-yield
weapons necessary to American national security? Will
American
commanders need such weapons in our next major military
engagement? Would they hurt or strengthen America’s
standing in
the international community? What would be the
consequences of
using a low-yield nuclear device? I have given you a list
of
potential websites with which to begin your research. Keep
in
mind that many of them are not entirely objective.
Reaction
of
former
Air Force general
Article
from
the Journal of the Federation of American Scientists
Account
of legislative action regarding low-yield weapons.
Article
by anti-nuclear activist group
Account of
congressional debate about low-yield weapons.
Article
about
a new proposed earth-penetrating weapon, with links.
Article
about
collateral damage caused by earth-penetrating weapons.
Article
from
National Review
Article
from
Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists